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The epithet "Bavarian Geographer" ((ラテン語:Geographus Bavarus)) is the conventional name for the anonymous author of a Latin medieval text containing a list of the tribes in central-eastern Europe, headed ''ラテン語:Descriptio civitatum et regionum ad septentrionalem plagam Danubii'' (). The name "Bavarian Geographer" was first bestowed (in its French form, "''フランス語:Géographe de Bavière''") in 1796 by Polish count and scholar Jan Potocki.〔J. Potocki. ''Fragments historiques et geographiques sur la Scythie, Sarmatie, et les Slaves''. Brunsvic, 1796.〕 The term is now also used at times to refer to the document itself. == Origin == The short document, written in Latin, was discovered in 1772 in the Bavarian State Library, Munich by Louis XV's ambassador to the Saxon court, Comte Louis-Gabriel Du Buat-Nançay.〔Le comte du Buat. ''Histoire ancienne des peuples de l'Europe''. T. 11. Paris, 1772.〕 It had been acquired by the Wittelsbachs with the collection of the antiquarian Hermann Schädel (1410–85) in 1571. The document was much discussed in the early 19th-century historiography, notably by Nikolai Karamzin and Joachim Lelewel.〔J. Lelewel. ''Winulska Sławiańszczyzna z Geografa bawarskiego'', Tygodnik Wileński, nr 47, z dn. 8 paźdzernika 1816, s. 333, i w nastęnych numerach 48–50. Also: Joachim Lelewel, ''Geographe du Moyen Age III'', Bruxelles 1852, s.21–45.〕 The document contains a list of the tribes in Central-Eastern Europe east of the Elbe and north of the Danube to the Volga rivers to the Black and Caspian Sea (most of them of Slavonic origin, with ''Ruzzi'', and others such as ''Vulgarii'', etc.). Absent on the list are Polans, Pomeranians and Masovians, tribes first of whom are believed to have settled along the shores of the Warta river during the 8th century.〔Andrzej Buko: Archeologia Polski wczesnośredniowiecznej: odkrycia, hipotezy, interpretacje. Warszawa, 2005.〕 There is also some information about the number of strongholds ((ラテン語:civitates)) possessed by some of the tribes. Henryk Łowmiański demonstrated that the list consists of two parts, which may be datable to different periods and attributed to distinct authors.〔Henryk Łowmiański, ''O identyfikacji nazw Geografa bawarskiego'', Studia Źródłoznawcze, t. III: 1958, s.1–22.〕 The provenance of the document is disputed. Although early commentators suggested that it could have been compiled in Regensburg,〔Henryk Łowmiański, ''O pochodzeniu Geografa bawarskiego'', Roczniki Historyczne, R. 20, 1955, s.9–58〕 the list seems to have been taken from ''ラテン語:Codex Reginbertinus II'', recorded in the 9th century in the library of the Reichenau Abbey and named after a local librarian.〔The codex contains Boethius's treatise on geometry. See: Novy R. ''Die Anfänge des böhmischen Staates'', 1: Mitteleuropa im 9. Jh. Praha, 1969.〕 Based on these findings, Bernhard Bischoff attributes it to a monk active at Reichenau from the 830s to 850s.〔Bernhard Bischoff. ''Die südostdeutchen Schreibschulen und Bibliotheken in der Karolingerzeit''. Bd. 1.2. Aufl. Wiesbaden, 1960.〕 Aleksandr Nazarenko finds it more probable that the list was composed in the 870s, when Saint Methodius is believed to have resided at Reichenau. The document may have been connected with his missions in the Slavic lands.〔. Moscow, 2001. Pages 52–70.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bavarian Geographer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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